Therefore, the best available research evidence indicates that, in general, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), psychodynamic therapy, and humanistic psychotherapy produce approximately equivalent results. Behavioral therapy is good for treating phobias, substances and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Cognitive therapy emphasizes what people think rather than what they do. Among the main figures in cognitive therapy are Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck.
Scheme therapy helps clients identify the cognitive and behavioral patterns that cause or maintain their mental health problems. It is especially effective in treating borderline personality disorder. An important aspect of the PCT relationship is the therapist's unconditional positive consideration of the patient's feelings and behaviors. Psychoanalysis was once the only type of psychotherapy available, but currently the number of therapists practicing this approach is declining worldwide.
For example, if during therapy a patient begins to express unjustified anger towards the therapist, the therapist may recognize this as an act of transference. In PCT, the patient must experience both a vulnerability to anxiety, which motivates the desire to change, and an appreciation for the therapist's support. Therapists use this approach to help people identify unconscious beliefs that can affect their mood and behavior many times since childhood. An eclectic approach to psychotherapy will attract techniques and objectives of different types of psychotherapy.
Therapists can apply aspects of the above-mentioned therapeutic approaches to individuals, couples, and groups. Psychotherapy, also known as “talk therapy,” is when a person talks with a trained therapist in a safe and confidential environment to explore and understand feelings and behaviors and gain coping skills. With cognitive restructuring, the therapist's job is to help signal when a person has inaccurate or maladaptive thinking, so that the patient can eliminate or modify it to make it more adaptive. Some people respond better to one type of therapy than to another, so a psychotherapist will consider aspects such as the nature of the problem being treated and the person's personality when determining which treatment will be most effective.
Therefore, exploring these childhood memories, through free association or otherwise, can provide therapists with information about the psychological makeup of a patient. Psychoanalysts and psychodynamic therapists employ several techniques to explore the unconscious mind of patients. Psychologists have adapted the practice of mindfulness as a form of psychotherapy, usually called mindfulness-based therapy (MBT). For example, therapies via the Internet and mobile devices make psychological treatments more available, through smartphones and online access.
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